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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Manikganj by Bangladesh Resource Center for Indigenous Knowledge  (Barcik) and in Cumilla by Shikkha Shastha Unnayan Karzakram (Shisuk).
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The survey results from Bangladesh on pesticide use and its effects show that 6.80% of respondents reported experiencing adverse effects from pesticides. This highlights the potential health risks faced by individuals working in the agricultural sector in Bangladesh. 

With over 62.61% of respondents noting that they did not experience any adverse effects, there seems to be a significant portion of the population that may be unaware of the dangers associated with pesticide exposure.

It is concerning to see that 30.59% of respondents marked 'N/A,' indicating a lack of awareness or understanding about the symptoms of pesticide exposure. 

This reflects the urgent need for education and training programs to raise awareness among agricultural workers in Bangladesh about the potential risks of pesticide use. 

Given Bangladesh's heavy dependence on agriculture, these insights are crucial for promoting a safer working environment for individuals in the agricultural industry.

The survey results from Bangladesh on pesticide use and its effects show that respondents reported experiencing adverse effects from pesticides.

Pesticide Awareness Among Farmers in Manikganj and Cumilla

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Hai Hau, Vietnam by Research Centre for Gender, Family and Environment in Development (CGFED) and in Son La Province by Centre for Sustainable Rural Development (SRD).
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The survey results from Vietnam reveal intriguing insights into the effects of pesticides on individuals working in the agricultural sector. Among the responses, the most common exposure type reported was ground spray (backpack, tractor) at a significant percentage of 43.62%. This indicates that a large portion of the workforce in Vietnam is involved in tasks directly related to the application of pesticides, potentially increasing their risk of exposure.

Additionally, the data highlights concerning practices such as eating contaminated food, reported at 2.33%, which poses a health hazard to those consuming produce treated with pesticides. Water contamination, at 3.57%, also raises environmental and public health concerns. These findings underscore the need for stringent regulations and proper safety measures to protect the well-being of agricultural workers in Vietnam.

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The survey results from Vietnam reveal intriguing insights into the effects of pesticides on individuals working in the agricultural sector.

Pesticide Exposure on Hai Hau and Son La Province Farmers

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    This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Maharashtra by PAN India and in Kerala by Thanal.
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This survey sheds light on the work hours of Indian farmers. Out of 1,409 respondents, 20% (282 farmers) work more than 50 hours per week, showing the demanding nature of agriculture in the country. 

Around 11% (156 respondents) reported working between 40 to 50 hours, while 7% (94 respondents) work between 30 to 40 hours weekly. 

Meanwhile, 14% (192 individuals) indicated they work 10 to 20 hours, and 9% (129 farmers) work less than 10 hours. 

A significant portion of respondents, 39% (552 farmers), did not provide information regarding their weekly working hours.

These figures reveal the considerable time investment required in Indian agriculture, especially for those working more than 50 hours. 

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This data provide insights into the working hours of Indian farmers reveal that 20% work over 50 hours a week, highlighting the labor-intensive nature of agriculture in India.

Understanding the Long Work Hours of Indian Farmers

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Xieng Khouang Province, Lao PDR by Sustainable Agriculture and Environment Development Association (SAEDA)
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The survey conducted by the Sustainable Agriculture and Environment Development Association (SAEDA) provides insights into the safety practices of farmers in Xieng Khouang Province, Laos regarding pesticide application. 

Out of 985 respondents, a significant majority, 79% (776 individuals), reported wearing protective clothing when applying pesticides. In contrast, 14% (142 respondents) indicated that they do not use protective gear, while 7% (67 respondents) did not provide an answer to the question.

The reported 14% of farmers who do not wear protective clothing raises concerns about their exposure to harmful chemicals, which could lead to acute or chronic health issues. Therefore, ongoing education and training on pesticide safety and proper protective equipment are essential to ensure the well-being of farmers and to promote sustainable agricultural practices in the region.


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A significant majority of Laotian farmers wear protective clothing while applying pesticides, highlighting the importance of safety measures in agriculture. However, concerns remain about the 14% who do not.

Protective Clothing Usage Among Laotian Farmers 

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Hai Hau, Vietnam by Research Centre for Gender, Family and Environment in Development (CGFED) and in Son La Province by Centre for Sustainable Rural Development (SRD).
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This survey sheds light on the experiences of farmers in Vietnam regarding pesticide exposure, based on responses from 125 individuals. 

The results indicate that 21% (25 respondents) reported having had pesticide spilled on them during their agricultural activities. In contrast, 71% (85 respondents) stated they had not experienced any such incidents, while 8% (10 respondents) did not provide an answer to the question.

Although the majority of respondents have not personally experienced spills, the reported 21% indicates a notable level of risk among the farming community. 



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This data examines the prevalence of pesticide spills among farmers in Vietnam highlighting the need for enhanced safety measures and sustainable agricultural practices.

Exposure to Pesticides Among Farmers in Hai Hau and Son La Province, Vietnam

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Hai Hau, Vietnam by Research Centre for Gender, Family and Environment in Development (CGFED) and in Son La Province by Centre for Sustainable Rural Development (SRD).
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This survey provides valuable insights into the employment status of farmers in Vietnam, based on responses from 304 individuals. 

The data reveals that a significant majority, 91% (278 respondents), identified as self-employed, while only 8% (23 respondents) reported being employed by others. Additionally, 1% (3 respondents) did not disclose their employment status.

This overwhelming trend towards self-employment reflects the nature of agriculture in Vietnam, where many farmers operate small, family-run farms. These self-employed farmers often engage in subsistence farming, producing crops for their own consumption and for local markets. 

This mode of employment allows farmers to maintain autonomy over their agricultural practices, yet it also exposes them to challenges such as limited access to resources, technology, and markets. In the context of Vietnam’s agricultural landscape, the predominance of self-employment highlights the need for supportive policies that can enhance farmers' livelihoods, improve access to training and resources, and promote sustainable farming practices.


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This data explores the employment status of farmers in Vietnam highlighting the dominance of self-employment in the agricultural sector and the challenges faced by farmers.

Employment Status of Farmers in Hai Hau and Son La Province, Vietnam

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Hai Hau, Vietnam by Research Centre for Gender, Family and Environment in Development (CGFED) and in Son La Province by Centre for Sustainable Rural Development (SRD).
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This survey sheds light on the gender identity of farmers in Vietnam, based on responses from 304 individuals. 

The data reveals that 47% (144 respondents) identify as male, while a slightly higher percentage, 51% (156 respondents), identify as female. Additionally, 4 respondents, accounting for approximately 1.3%, did not disclose their gender identity.

In the context of agriculture in Vietnam, these findings illustrate a balanced gender representation among farmers, with women comprising a slight majority. Women play a crucial role in agricultural practices, often engaging in tasks ranging from cultivation to post-harvest processing and marketing. 

Despite their significant contributions to food production and rural economies, women in Vietnam frequently encounter challenges such as limited access to land, credit, and resources, as well as barriers to participation in decision-making processes. Recognising the gender dynamics within the farming community is essential for formulating policies and initiatives that promote gender equity, empower women, and enhance agricultural productivity in Vietnam.

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This data explores the gender identity of farmers in Hai Hau and Son La Province, Vietnam  highlighting the vital role of women in agriculture and the importance of promoting gender equity within the sector.

Gender Identity of Farmers in Hai Hau and Son La Province, Vietnam

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Xieng Khouang Province, Lao PDR by Sustainable Agriculture and Environment Development Association (SAEDA)
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The survey conducted by the Sustainable Agriculture & Environment Development Association (SAEDA) reveals significant insights into the annual household income of farmers in  Xieng Khouang Province, Lao PDR, based on 985 respondents. The data indicates that a small proportion of farmers, 12.6% (124 individuals), earn more than $5,000 annually. 

The income brackets between $4,000 and $5,000 include 9.8% (96 individuals), while those earning between $3,000 and $4,000 represent 13.2% (130 individuals). A significant portion, 28.7% (283 individuals), falls within the $2,000 to $3,000 range, and 27.1% (267 individuals) earn between $1,000 and $2,000. Alarmingly, 7.2% (71 individuals) reported an annual income of less than $500, and 1.4% (14 individuals) chose not to disclose their income.

In the context of Laos agriculture, the findings highlight the economic challenges faced by farmers in the region. The majority of farmers earn relatively low incomes, with nearly two-thirds (approximately 55.8%) earning less than $3,000 annually. This low-income level can significantly impact their quality of life, access to resources, and overall economic stability.

The reliance on subsistence farming and the lack of diversification in agricultural practices may contribute to these limited income levels, underscoring the need for initiatives to improve agricultural productivity, market access, and support services for farmers in Lao PDR.


This data analyses the annual household income of farmers in Lao PDR, based on a survey by SAEDA, highlighting the economic challenges faced by the agricultural community in the region.

Annual Household Income of Farmers in Lao PDR

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Manikganj by Bangladesh Resource Center for Indigenous Knowledge  (Barcik) and in Cumilla by Shikkha Shastha Unnayan Karzakram (Shisuk).
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This survey sheds light on the availability of washing facilities for Bangladeshi farmers who apply pesticides. Out of the 439 respondents surveyed, only 45% (198 individuals) reported having access to washing facilities for their hands and body after pesticide application, while 47% (208 individuals) indicated that they do not have such facilities. 

Additionally, 8% (33 individuals) chose N/A, likely reflecting those who may not apply pesticides or found the question inapplicable. This data highlights a concerning gap in access to basic safety measures that can help mitigate the health risks associated with pesticide exposure.

In the context of Bangladeshi agriculture, where pesticide use is prevalent to enhance crop yields and protect against pests, the lack of washing facilities poses significant health risks for farmers. This situation underscores the urgent need for improved infrastructure and resources to ensure the safety of farmers, as well as the importance of promoting best practices in pesticide application to protect both human health and the environment.

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This data explores the availability of washing facilities for Bangladeshi farmers applying pesticides, revealing significant gaps in access that raise health concerns amid prevalent pesticide use in agriculture.

Farmers' Access to Washing Facilities in Manikganj and Cumilla, Bangladesh

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Manikganj by Bangladesh Resource Center for Indigenous Knowledge  (Barcik) and in Cumilla by Shikkha Shastha Unnayan Karzakram (Shisuk).
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This survey provides critical insights into pesticide usage among Bangladeshi farmers. Out of the 439 respondents surveyed, an overwhelming 94% (411 individuals) reported using pesticides in their agricultural practices. 

In contrast, only 3.4% (15 individuals) indicated that they do not use pesticides, while 3% (13 individuals) chose N/A, likely reflecting those who may not engage in farming or found the question inapplicable. This high percentage of pesticide usage underscores the reliance of farmers on chemical interventions to protect crops from pests and diseases, aiming to enhance yields and ensure food security in a competitive agricultural landscape.

However, the heavy reliance on pesticides raises significant concerns regarding environmental sustainability and human health. In recent years, there has been growing awareness of the negative impacts of chemical pesticides, including soil degradation, water contamination, and adverse health effects for both farmers and consumers. 

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There are significant reliance on pesticides among Bangladeshi farmers, highlighting the implications for environmental sustainability and human health while emphasising the need for sustainable agricultural practices.

Pesticide Usage Among Farmers in Bangladeshi Agriculture Sector

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Manikganj by Bangladesh Resource Center for Indigenous Knowledge  (Barcik) and in Cumilla by Shikkha Shastha Unnayan Karzakram (Shisuk).
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Agriculture is a crucial sector for the country's economy, employing a substantial portion of the population and contributing significantly to national GDP. However, many farmers struggle with land tenure security, which affects their livelihoods and access to resources. In the survey of 308 individuals, a striking 70% reported that they do not own the land they work on, highlighting a widespread issue of land insecurity. Only 27% indicated they own the land they cultivate, while approximately 3% provided a response of N/A, suggesting they either do not work on land or found the question inapplicable. The predominance of tenant farming and informal land arrangements often leaves farmers vulnerable to exploitation and eviction, exacerbating poverty and hindering sustainable agricultural practices. These results underscore the urgent need to address land ownership disparities and enhance support for farmers to ensure food security and equitable agricultural development in Bangladesh.

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The survey conducted by the Barcik and Shisuk reveals significant land ownership challenges faced by farmers in Manikganj and Cumilla Bangladesh. 

Land Ownership Among Farmers in Manikganj and Cumilla

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 This survey was conducted with selected respondents in Manikganj by Bangladesh Resource Center for Indigenous Knowledge  (Barcik) and in Cumilla by Shikkha Shastha Unnayan Karzakram (Shisuk).
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The pie chart illustrates the methods employed by Bangladeshi farmers for spraying pesticides in windy weather. A significant majority, comprising 83% (192 farmers), prefer to spray along the wind direction, indicating a strong inclination toward this technique as the most effective strategy to minimise pesticide drift and ensure better coverage.

Conversely, 11% (25 farmers) spray against the wind, which may lead to less effective application and increased exposure risks. Additionally, 4% (10 farmers) apply the spray randomly, which can further diminish efficacy and raise concerns about environmental contamination. Notably, only 2% (3 respondents) did not disclose their spraying practices, suggesting that the vast majority of farmers are aware of and actively engage in specific spraying methods. This data underscores the importance of understanding and implementing appropriate spraying techniques to enhance pesticide application efficiency while considering safety and environmental impacts.

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This data examines the preferred pesticide spraying methods of Manikganj and Cumilla farmers in windy conditions, highlighting their tendency to spray along the wind direction for effective application and reduced environmental impact.